Microwave-assisted acid-catalyzed nucleophilic heteroaromatic substitution: the synthesis of 7-amino-6-azaindoles

Derivatives of 7-amino-6-azaindole containing variable substituent in the amino group were synthesized via acid-catalyzed nucleophilic heteroaromatic substitution (S_NHetarH⁺) using 7-chloro-6-azaindoles as substrates and aliphatic and aromatic amines as nucleophiles. The protonation of the pyridine nitrogen in the starting 7-chloro-6-azaindoles is presumed to be the key stage of the reaction mechanism discussed.